How can you improve the adhesion of a fissure sealant?

Improving the adhesion of a fissure sealant is primarily achieved through the acid etching technique. This technique involves applying a specific concentration of phosphoric acid to the enamel surface before the sealant is placed. The acid creates microscopic irregularities on the enamel, which enhances the mechanical interlocking of the sealant with the tooth structure. By increasing the surface area and promoting a better bond, the sealant adheres more effectively, leading to a longer-lasting seal against caries.

While placing a rubber dam can improve the working field by keeping it dry, this step does not directly enhance the chemical adhesion of sealants. The use of fluoride varnish is beneficial for strengthening tooth structure and preventing caries, but it doesn't contribute to the adhesion of sealants. Similarly, glass ionomer cement can serve as an alternative cavity filling material and can bond to dentin and enamel but is not specifically a method to improve the adhesion of fissure sealants. Hence, the acid etching technique stands out as the most effective approach for improving sealant adhesion.