What is a possible consequence of forcing noxious material through the apical foramen?

Forcing noxious material through the apical foramen can introduce harmful substances into the periapical tissues surrounding the tooth root, which can lead to an inflammatory response. This inflammatory reaction may develop into a periapical infection, characterized by pain, swelling, and possible abscess formation. Consequently, the introduction of these materials disrupts the delicate balance of the surrounding tissues, fostering a suitable environment for bacterial growth and resulting in infection.

While pulp necrosis, treatment duration increase, and external resorption are complications that can arise in dental practice, the immediate and direct consequence that is most likely to stem from pushing irritants through the apical foramen is the risk of periapical infection.