What is the cause of development of lateral canals?

The development of lateral canals is primarily attributed to cracks in Hertwig's epithelial root sheath. This sheath is essential for guiding the formation of the root during tooth development. When these cracks occur, they can disrupt the normal pattern of root formation, leading to the creation of lateral canals that branch off from the main root canal system. These canals can have implications for the health of the tooth and its surrounding structures, as they may provide pathways for the ingress of bacteria and debris, potentially leading to periapical disease.

In contrast, the other options relate to different aspects of dental development. Incomplete dental papilla formation primarily impacts the overall shape and size of the tooth, rather than specifically forming lateral canals. Trauma during tooth eruption might result in other types of damage or developmental issues but does not typically lead to the formation of lateral canals. Similarly, developmental anomalies in the enamel would affect the tooth’s outer layer and appearance rather than its internal canal structure. Understanding the specific role of Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath in canal formation helps clarify why it is the main factor in the development of lateral canals.