Where does periodontitis primarily occur?

Periodontitis primarily occurs in the periodontal membrane, which is a crucial component of the supporting structures of the teeth. This membrane, also known as the periodontal ligament, connects the tooth to the surrounding alveolar bone. In periodontitis, there is inflammation and infection that leads to the breakdown of the periodontal tissues, including the ligaments that hold the teeth in place and the alveolar bone itself.

Although the gingival sulcus and alveolar bone are involved in the disease process, the primary occurrence of periodontitis is related to the periodontal membrane, as it plays a central role in the attachment and health of the periodontal structures. Inflammation can lead to the destruction of the fibers in the periodontal membrane, which subsequently affects the stability and health of the alveolar bone and gingiva. Therefore, focusing on the periodontal membrane provides a clearer understanding of the initial site of disease progression in periodontitis.